Gender differences on oxidative stress markers and complement component C3 plasma values after an oral unsaturated fat load test.

OBJECTIVE: Post-prandial lipaemia (PL), oxidative stress (OS), and complement component C3 (C3) values are related to the atherosclerosis process. The post-prandial response of C3 after an oral fat load test (OFLT) using unsaturated fat is poorly addressed. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the post-prandial response of OS markers and C3 values in men and women after an OFLT using unsaturated fat. METHODS: The study included a total of 22 healthy subjects with normal lipids and normal blood glucose (11 men and 11 pre-menopausal women). An oral unsaturated fat load test (OFLT: 50g fat per m2 body surface) was performed using a commercial liquid preparation of long chain triglycerides (Supracal®). OS markers and C3 were measured using standardized methods at fasting state and every 2h up to 8h after the OFLT. RESULTS: Men showed statistically significant higher C3, oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and oxidized-reduced glutathione (GSSG/GSH) ratio values at fasting state compared to that obtained in women. In addition, post-prandial C3 values and GSSG/GSH ratios were significantly higher in men compared to women. The GSSG value and GSSG/GSH ratio significantly decreased in men after the OFLT compared to fasting values. In contrast, the post-prandial OS markers decrease observed in women was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In fasting state, men showed higher statistically significant C3 values and OS markers than women. The post-prandial OS markers (GSSG and GSSG/GSH ratio) significantly decrease after the OFLT with unsaturated fat in men compared to women.

Estimación del intervalo de referencia para C3 y C4 en población adulta de un hospital del Gran Buenos Aires / Estimation of the reference range for C3 and C4 in a hospital adult population of Greater Buenos Aires / Estimativa do intervalo de referência para C3 e C4 em população adulta de um hospital da Grande Buenos Aires

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue la estimación del intervalo de referencia para los componentes del complemento C3 y C4 en población adulta hospitalaria. Se siguieron los lineamientos de la guía C28A3 de CLSI para lo cual se eligió como población de referencia a dadores de sangre concurrentes al Servicio de Hemoterapia del hospital que superaron el interrogatorio médico y accedieron a la extracción. Fue seleccionada una muestra de 251 dadores constituida por 72,9% de mujeres, de edad promedio 36,5±10 años y 27,1% de hombres, de edad promedio 40,6±11,5 años. Esta composición estuvo balanceada por sexo y edad promedio a la población de pacientes que asisten al laboratorio, en su mayoría con diagnóstico presuntivo de enfermedades autoinmunes. Los analitos fueron dosados por nefelometría cinética con nefelómetro Immage 800 de Beckman Coulter (California, EE.UU.). El intervalo de referencia se calculó por el método no paramétrico, es decir, se estimó el intervalo de confianza del 95% central de cada distribución de valores. Los límites obtenidos fueron: IC95% C3=70-165 mg/dL IC95%, C4=14-37 mg/dL. Estos resultados fueron posteriormente verificados con una serie de 20 nuevos dadores y fueron comparables a valores obtenidos en otras series citadas en la literatura.

The aim of this study was to estimate the reference interval for the components C3 and C4 complement in an adult population. The guidelines of the C28A3 document CLSI were followed, for which blood donors attending to a hospital blood centre who passed the medical examination and agreed to extraction were chosen as reference population. A sample constituted by 251 donors, 72.9% women, average age 36.5±10 years and 27.1% men, average age 40.6±11.5 years was selected. This composition was balanced by gender and average age to the population of patients attending the laboratory, mostly with autoimmune diseases. The analytes were measured by rate nephelometry with Immage 800 Nephelometer, Beckman Coulter (California, USA). The reference range for the non-parametric method was calculated, this is to say, the 95% central confidence interval of each value distribution was estimated. The limits obtained were: 95% CI C3=70-165 mg/dL and 95% CI C4=14-37 mg/dL. These results were later verified with a series of 20 new donors and are comparable to values obtained in other studies cited in the literature.

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar o intervalo de referência para os componentes do complemento C3 e C4 na população adulta hospitalar. Foram seguidos os lineamentos do guia C28A3 de CLSI para o qual foi escolhida como população de referência doadores de sangue concorrentes do Serviço de Hemoterapia do hospital que passaram o questionário médico e acederam à extração. Foi selecionada uma amostra constituída por 251 doadores, 72,9% mulheres, com idade média de 36,5±10 anos e 27,1% dos homens de idade média 40,6±11,5 anos. Esta composição esteve equilibrada por sexo e idade média de pacientes que são atendidos no laboratório, na maioria com diagnóstico presuntivo de doenças autoimunes. Os analitos foram dosados por nefelometria cinética com nefelômetro Immage 800, Beckman Coulter (Califórnia, EUA). Calculou-se o intervalo de referência pelo método não paramétrico, quer dizer, estimou-se o intervalo de confiança de 95% central de cada distribuição de valores. Os limites obtidos foram: IC95% C3= 70-165 mg/dL e IC95% C4= 14-37 mg/dL. Estes resultados foram posteriormente verificados com uma série de 20 novos doadores e foram comparáveis a valores obtidos em outras séries citadas na literatura.

Ciento quince pacientes con lupus eritematososistémico: características clínicas e inmunológicas / A series of 115 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Clinical and immunological characteristics

Introducción: El lupus eritematoso sistémico es una enfermedad autoinmune, multisistémicade etiología desconocida, que afecta principalmente a mujeres en edad reproductiva. Dentrode las manifestaciones más frecuentes se encuentran los compromisos renal e inmunoló-gico; el primero es el responsable de gran parte de la morbimortalidad de los pacientes y elsegundo está fuertemente asociado a múltiples manifestaciones clínicas.Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia y características de las principales manifestaciones clínicase inmunológicas de 115 pacientes con diagnóstico de lupus eritematoso sistémico del HospitalUniversitario San Vicente Fundación y establecer la asociación entre los anticuerposespecíficos y el compromiso de órgano.Materiales y métodos: Los pacientes fueron vistos por el Grupo de Reumatología de la Universidadde Antioquia entre 2008 y 2012. Los datos clínicos e inmunológicos se recolectaron delarchivo o sistema electrónico de historias clínicas del hospital, en un formato previamenteprotocolizado.Resultados y conclusiones: Similar a lo informado por otros estudios, se encontró asociaciónentre hipocomplementemia y compromiso renal, y mayor alteración de las pruebas defunción renal como creatinina, nitrógeno ureico en sangre, depuración de creatinina y proteinuriaen 24h. La frecuencia de anticuerpos anti-ADN de doble cadena fue del 79,1% y estosse encontraron asociados con compromiso renal y puntuaciones más altas de ®SystemicLupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index¼. Se observó también asociación entre anticuerposanti-Sm con serositis y lupus discoide...

IntroductionSystemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease. The etiology is unknown, and it primarily affects women of reproductive age. Among the most common manifestations are the renal and immune system involvement; the first one is responsible for the majority of the morbidity and mortality of patients, and the second strongly associated with multiple clinical manifestations.ObjectiveTo analyze the prevalence and characteristics of the main clinical and immunological manifestations of 115 patients diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus in the Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, and to determine the association between autoantibodies and organ involvement.Materials and methodsPatients were seen by the Rheumatology Group, University of Antioquia, between 2008 and 2012. Clinical and immunological data were collected from the files or electronic medical records using a previously designed format.Results and conclusionsThe study found an association between hypocomplementemia and renal involvement, similar to other studies. Nephritis was found in patients with active lupus, as well as a greater impairment of renal function tests such as, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine clearance, and proteinuria. The percentage of patients with anti-dsDNA was 79.1%, and these antibodies were associated with renal involvement, as well as higher Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index scores; anti-Sm antibodies was associated with serositis and discoid lupus...

Cutaneous lesions and finger clubbing uncovering hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis and hepatitis C with mixed cryoglobulinemia / Lesoes cutaneas e baqueteamento digital reveladores de vasculite urticariforme hipocomplementemica e hepatite C com crioglobulinemia mista

Urticarial vasculitis is a rare clinicopathologic entity characterized by urticarial lesions that persist for more than 24 hours and histologic features of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Patients can be divided into normocomplementemic or hypocomplementemic. The authors report the case of a healthy 49-year-old woman with a 1-year history of highly pruritic generalized cutaneous lesions and finger clubbing. Laboratory tests together with histopathologic examination allowed the diagnosis of hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis, chronic hepatitis C and type II mixed cryoglobulinemia. The patient started symptomatic treatment and was referred to a gastroenterologist for management of the hepatitis C, with progressive improvement of the skin condition. The development of hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis in the context of chronic hepatitis C is exceedingly rare and possible pathogenic mechanisms are discussed.

A vasculite urticariforme é uma entidade clinico-patológica rara caracterizada por lesões urticariformes com duração superior a 24 horas e uma vasculite leucocitoclásica na histologia. É dividida em normo e hipocomplementêmica. Os autores relatam o caso de uma mulher saudável de 49 anos, com lesões cutâneas intensamente pruriginosas e baqueteamento digital com 1 ano de evolução. O estudo efectuado permitiu efectuar os diagnósticos de vasculite urticariforme hipocomplementêmica, hepatite C crônica e crioglobulinêmia mista tipo II. A doente iniciou tratamento sintomático e foi referenciada para a Gastroenterologia para orientação da hepatite, com melhoria progressiva das lesões cutâneas. O desenvolvimento de vasculite urticariforme hipocomplementêmica no contexto de hepatite C crónica é raro e os possíveis mecanismos patogênicos são discutidos.

Manifestaciones cutáneas de lupus eritematoso sistémico temprano y correlación con la actividad sistémica / Cutaneous manifestations of early systemic lupus erythematosus and correlation with systemic activity

Las manifestaciones cutáneas del lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) son heterogéneas (específicas e inespecíficas). Poco se sabe acerca de la relación entre estas manifestaciones y la actividad clínica e inmunológica de la enfermedad en sus etapas iniciales. Se llevó a cabo un estudio de corte transversal en 34 pacientes con LES temprano. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre alopecia e hipocomplementemia C3 (p = 0,021), hipocomplementemia C4 (p < 0,001) y anti-Sm (p = 0,011); entre eritema malar y anti-Ro (p = 0,037) y anti-La (p = 0,037); entre fotosensibilidad y anti-RNP (p = 0,037). Se observó una tendencia a la asociación entre úlceras orales e hipocomplementemia C4 (p = 0,064). No hubo asociación entre las manifestaciones cutáneas y la presencia de anti-ADN de doble cadena (anti-ds ADN), anticuerpos anticardiolipinas, anticoagulante lúpico, VDRL falso positivo, leucopenia, trombocitopenia, hipergammaglobulinemia, elevación de la velocidad de sedimentación globular o SLEDAI. Se resalta la importancia de la relación entre las manifestaciones cutáneas inespecíficas de LES (alopecia y fotosensibilidad) y la actividad sistémica en pacientes con enfermedad temprana y la clara asociación de estas con hipocomplementemia, un marcador importante de actividad inmunológica.

Cutaneous manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are heterogeneous (both specific and non-specific). Little is known about the relationship between these manifestations and the clinical and immunological activity of the disease in early stages. We carried out a cross-sectional study in 34 patients with early SLE. We found a significant association between alopecia and hypocomplementemia C3 (p = 0.021), hypocomplementemia C4 (p < 0.001) and anti-Sm (p = 0.011); between malar erythema and anti-Ro (p = 0.037) and anti-La (p = 0.037); between photosensitivity and anti-RNP (p = 0.037). We observed a trend to association between oral ulcers and hypocomplementemia C4 (p = 0.064). No association was found between cutaneous manifestations and the presence of anti-ds DNA, anticardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant, false-positive VDRL, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia, elevated erythrosedimentation rate or SLEDAI. We highlight the relevance of the relationship between non-specific cutaneous manifestations of early SLE (alopecia and photosensitivity) and the systemic activity of the disease and hypocomplementemia, an important marker of immunological activity.